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Garnet
Garnets are a group of silicate minerals that have been used since the Bronze Age as gemstones and abrasives. All species of garnets possess similar physical properties and crystal forms, but differ in chemical composition. The different species are pyrope, almandine, spessartine, grossular, uvarovite and andradite.
Colors It Comes In - orange, brown, yellow, pink, green, blue, and colorless
Fracture Pattern -
Tensile fractures:
In granulite-facies mylonites and gneisses, garnet crystals can have closely spaced, straight tensile fractures that are perpendicular to the foliation and lineation. These fractures are more likely to occur in coarse grains or grains with a large aspect ratio.
Internal crystal plastic deformation
Fractured garnets can exhibit internal crystal plastic deformation, which can be seen in areas of enhanced diffusion.
Sharp irregular pieces:
When garnets fracture under stress, they can form sharp, irregular pieces because they don't show cleavage.
Radial cracks:
In ultrahigh-pressure garnets, radial cracks can form around SiO2 inclusions due to ultrafast decompression.
Macroscopic channelization:
Garnet crystals can show macroscopic channelization.
Oscillatory zoning:
Garnet can have oscillatory zoning, which can be caused by a number of factors, including changes in growth rate, major and accessory mineral breakdown, and dissolution and reprecipitation.
Shape - symmetrical, cube-based crystal shapes, with the most common being the rhombic dodecahedron
Luster - vitreous to resinous
Texture - Foliated; Fine- to medium-grained
Where It Can Be Found -
Garnets are often found in sedimentary rocks or highly weathered material, where only the hardest materials have been left behind.
Australia:
The largest garnet producer in the world, with a large deposit of garnet sands discovered in Western Australia in the late 1970s
United States:
Garnets have been found in the United States
India:
A major producer of garnets
China:
A major producer of garnets
Russia:
A major producer of garnets
Turkey:
A major producer of garnets
Kenya:
A source of the rare green garnet, or Tsavorite
Mozambique:
A source of garnets
Tanzania:
A source of garnets
Madagascar:
A source of garnets, including star garnets
Idaho:
A source of star garnets
Connecticut:
Garnets can be found in many of the state parks and forests
North Carolina:
Garnets can be found in North Carolina
Hardness On The Mohs Scale - 6.5 To 7.5 Out Of 10